Minimax Theory and its Applications 06 (2021), No. 2, 281--294
Copyright Heldermann Verlag 2021
A System-Optimization Model for Multiclass Human Migration with Migration Costs and Regulations Inspired by the Covid-19 Pandemic
Giorgia Cappello
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, Italy
Patrizia Daniele
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, Italy
daniele@dmi.unict.it
Anna Nagurney
Department of Operations and Information Management, Isenberg School of Management, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, U.S.A.
nagurney@isenberg.umass.edu
In the last several decades, the main causes of human migration have included: poverty, war and political strife, climate change, tsunamis, earthquakes, as well as economic and educational possibilities. In this paper, we present a system-optimized network model for multiple migration classes with migration costs and regulations inspired by the Covid-19 pandemic. We derive the variational inequality formulation associated with the system-optimization problem which consists of maximizing the total societal welfare. Lagrange analysis is also performed in order to obtain a precise evaluation of the multiclass human migration phenomenon. This work adds to the literature on system-optimization of human migration in the presence of regulations and with the explicit inclusion of migration costs.
Keywords: Human migration, regulations, Covid-19 pandemic, nonlinear optimization, variational inequalities, Lagrange theory.
MSC: 46N10, 90C26, 90C33.
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